In this test, to evaluate the safety of imidacloprid in Procambarus clarkii, the enrichment and residue elimination of imidacloprid in Procambarus clarkii were studied. The indoor exposure test and the field residual elimination test were carried out. The mass concentration of the drug is the recommended mass concentration of 0.2 mg/L, samples of Procambarus clarkii, paddy mud and field water were collected separately. The results showed that the accumulated amount of imidacloprid in Procambarus clarkii in the order of indoor exposure was gill tissue> muscle> hemolymph> intestine> hepatopancreas. In the field residual test, the accumulation of imidacloprid in Procambarus clarkii was expressed as muscle> intestine> gill tissue> hemolymph> hepatopancreas. At the same time, it was found that 28 days after the application of the field test, imidacloprid in the muscle of Procambarus clarkii The residual amount in the tissue was 20.44 μg/kg, the degradation rate of imidacloprid in paddy field water was 97.54%, and the residual amount in the sediment was 10.94 μg/kg. Therefore, in order to avoid harm to the non-target biological aquatic product-Procambarus clarkii, it is recommended to properly extend the application interval of imidacloprid in rice fields, and it should be applied cautiously in rice fields close to the cultured water, especially in the integrated cultivation mode of rice and shrimp Or suggest the use of other alternative medicines.